5 1 If anyone sins by hearing a public call to testify, having seen or known, yet stays silent, he bears his guilt.
2 Or if someone unknowingly touches a carcass—unclean wild animal, unclean livestock, or unclean swarming creature—he becomes unclean and guilty.
3 Or if he touches human impurity—any impurity that makes one unclean—unknowingly, then learns of it, he is guilty.
4 Or if anyone rashly swears an oath to do evil or good—whatever people rashly swear—and it's hidden from him, when he realizes it, he's guilty in any of these. 5 When anyone is guilty in any of these matters, he must confess the sin he has committed. 6 He must bring our Father a penalty offering for the sin he committed—a female from the flock, a lamb or goat—as a sin offering; the priest will atone for his sin.
7 If he can't afford a lamb, he must bring our Father two turtledoves or two young pigeons as penalty for his sin—one as a sin offering, the other as a burnt offering. 8 He brings them to the priest, who presents the sin offering first, wringing its head at the neck without separating it. 9 He sprinkles some blood from the sin offering on the altar's side; the rest drains at its base. It is a sin offering. 10 The second bird he offers as a burnt offering, per the rule. The priest atones for his sin, and he is forgiven.
11 But if he cannot afford two doves or two young pigeons, he must bring two quarts of fine flour as his sin offering—no oil or incense on it, for it is a sin offering. 12 He must bring it to the priest, who takes a handful as its memorial portion and burns it on the altar atop our Father's fire offerings. It is a sin offering. 13 The priest will atone for him for any of these sins he committed, and he'll be forgiven; the rest belongs to the priest, like the grain offering.
Our Father Restores the Unfaithful
14 Then our Father said to Moses,
15 If anyone is unfaithful and sins unintentionally against any of our Father's holy things, he must bring our Father a ram without defect from the flock as his guilt offering, valued in silver by weight by the sanctuary standard—a guilt offering. a a v15 The guilt offering required not only a sacrifice but repayment for the wrong done. Isaiah later calls the suffering servant himself a guilt offering (Isaiah 53:10) — Jesus is the one who both pays our debt and gives himself for it. 16 He must repay for the holy thing he sinned against, adding a fifth, and give it to the priest. The priest will atone for him with the guilt-offering ram, and he'll be forgiven.
17 If anyone sins, doing what our Father commanded not to be done, even unknowingly, he is guilty and bears his wrongdoing. 18 He must bring the priest a flawless ram from the flock, at the assessed value, as a guilt offering; the priest will atone for his unwitting sin, and he'll be forgiven. 19 It is a guilt offering; he was certainly guilty before our Father."
